Thesis - PhD - Dattatraya Parle - IIT Bombay - Nomenclature

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 Nomenclature

EPFM	Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics
IGES	Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
LEFM	Linear elastic fracture mechanics
OFHC	Oxygen Free High Conductivity
PMMA	PolyMethyl MethAcrylate
ALE	Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian
CAD	Computer Aided Design
CDM	Central Difference Method
CCD	Charge Coupled Device
FEA	Finite Element Analysis
OMM	On Machine Measurement
PDZ	Primary Deformation Zone
PCS	Plain Carbon Steel
SCD	Single Crystal Diamond
SDZ	Secondary Deformation Zone
SEM	Scanning Electron Microscope
SPH	Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
STL	STereoLithography
TDZ	Tertiary Deformation Zone
IEn	Internal energy at nth time step
IEMicrocrack	Internal energy of microcracks
IEElementShearZone	Internal energy of elements in shear zone
A, B, C, n, m	Johnson-Cook  constant parameters for specified material
A	Initial yield strength
B	Hardening modulus
C	Strain rate sensitivity
C1	Material constant
Cd	Damping co-efficient Matrix
Cp	Specific heat
D	Average grain diameter
E	Young’s modulus of elasticity
ETotal	Total energy of cutting
EShear	Energy spent in shearing deformation
ETool-ChipFriction	Energy spent in friction between tool and chip
ESurfaceFormation	New surface formation energy
EPloughing	Energy spent in ploughing
ETool-WorkFriction	Energy spent in friction between tool and workpiece
Fc	Cutting force
Ft	Thrust force
Fr	Frictional rake force
Fp	Ploughing force
G	Energy release rate
I	Intercept
J	J-integral
Ks	Stiffness Matrix
K	Thermal conductivity
KI, KII	Stress intensity factors
Kc	Fracture toughness
M	Mass Matrix
N	ASTM grain size number
Nr	Normal frictional rake force
Np	Normal ploughing force
P	Internal force
Q	Friction correction factor
R	Specific work of fracture
R2	Co-efficient of determination
S	Slope
U	Specific cutting energy
UJ	Fracture energy using J-integral
UR	Fracture energy using R
T	Temperature
Ti	Contour traction vector
Tic	Crack surface traction vector
Tmelt	Melting temperature of the material
Troom	Room temperature of the material
U	Specific cutting energy
UsMicrocrack	Specific microcrack energy
UsShearZone	Specific shear zone energy
UWithoutMicrostructure	Specific cutting energy without microstructure consideration
UGrain	Specific cutting energy with grain size consideration
V	Cutting speed
VElement	Element volume
Vs	Shearing velocity
W	Kernel function
c	Wave propagation speed
d	Distance between particle
h	Smoothening length
i	ith particle
k	Constant of Hall-Petch equation
l	Minimum element edge length
m	Strain rate hardening index
mf	Friction factor
mi,j	Mass of ith and jth particles
mt	Thermal effect index
n	Strain hardening index
nG	Unit vector normal to G
r	Tool edge radius
rc	Chip thickness ratio
t	Chip thickness
to	Uncut chip thickness
tn	nth time step
u	Displacement
ů	Velocity
ű	Acceleration
uij	Relative displacement of SPH particle
vij	Relative velocity of SPH particle
w	Width of cut
ws	Strain energy density
W	Domain
G	An arbitrary contour around the crack tip
Gc	Loaded portion of the crack surfaces between the two end points of G
Dt	Time step
Dtcritical	Critical time step
α	Rake angle
b	Friction angle at tool-chip interface during cutting with sharp tools
br	Friction angle at tool-chip interface during cutting with tool edge radius
bp	Friction angle at tool-work interface during cutting with tool edge radius
d	Subsurface deformation
e	Strain
eij	Components of strain tensor
efailure	Failure strain in shear zone
ep	Effective plastic strain
e	Strain rate
	Non dimensional plastic strain rate
f	Shear angle
g	Clearance angle
	Shear strain rate
h	Triaxiality parameter
l	Inclination angle
n	Poisson’s ratio
r	Density
ri	Density of particle
s	Normal stress on shear zone
sEffective	Effective stress
sf	Flow stress
sij	Components of stress tensor
so	Initial stress
sy	Yield stress
sm	Hydrostatic mean stress
	Equivalent stress
t	Shear stress on shear zone
ty	Shear yield stress
z1	Slip-line angle

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